Ergonomics is the science of designing and arranging workspaces, tools, equipment, and tasks to fit the physical capabilities and limitations of employees. The goal is to enhance comfort, safety, and efficiency, reducing the risk of injury and improving overall productivity.

Ergonomics applies to all types of work environments, from offices to industrial settings, and focuses on minimizing physical strain, repetitive motion injuries, and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as carpal tunnel syndrome or lower back pain.

Why Is Ergonomics Important in the Workplace?

Proper ergonomic practices help prevent work-related injuries and improve the overall health and performance of employees. Key benefits include:

• Reduced risk of injury and strain
• Improved productivity and focus
• Increased employee comfort and satisfaction
• Fewer absences due to physical discomfort or illness
• Compliance with occupational health and safety regulations

When employees work in an ergonomically supportive environment, they are less likely to experience fatigue, discomfort, or repetitive stress injuries, which can otherwise lead to decreased performance or long-term health issues.

Ergonomic Risk Factors to Watch For

Common ergonomic risk factors include:

• Prolonged sitting or standing in poor posture
• Repetitive tasks (e.g., typing or assembly line work)
• Improper desk or chair height
• Inadequate lighting or screen glare
• Awkward reaching or twisting motions
• Poorly designed tools or equipment

These issues can affect employees across a range of industries, including office workers, remote workers, field technicians, and warehouse staff.

How to Promote Ergonomics in the Workplace

To ensure a safe and comfortable work environment, HR teams and managers should implement the following ergonomic practices:

Workstation Setup

Ensure that desks, chairs, monitors, keyboards, and other tools are adjustable to accommodate each employee’s needs. Encourage:

• Feet flat on the floor or on a footrest
• Knees at a 90-degree angle
• Wrists in a neutral position while typing
• Monitors at eye level and about an arm’s length away

Ergonomic Assessments

Offer regular ergonomic assessments either on-site or virtually to evaluate and adjust employee workstations. Consider using checklists or professional consultants for tailored recommendations.

Training and Awareness

Provide training on proper posture, lifting techniques, and workstation habits. Educate employees on how to recognize early signs of strain and how to self-correct posture or movements.

Breaks and Movement

Encourage employees to take regular short breaks from repetitive tasks or sitting for long periods. Movement throughout the day helps reduce stiffness and improves circulation.

Remote Work Ergonomics

Support remote workers by providing guidance or stipends for purchasing ergonomic chairs, desks, laptop stands, or external keyboards and mice. Remote ergonomics is just as important as in-office support.

Legal and Compliance Considerations

Employers have a duty to provide a safe working environment under Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) or other local workplace safety standards. Ignoring ergonomics can result in increased injury claims, higher healthcare costs, and regulatory penalties.

Maintaining detailed records of ergonomic assessments and any accommodations made can help demonstrate compliance in the event of a workplace safety audit.

How to Measure Ergonomic Success

The effectiveness of your ergonomic program can be evaluated through:

• Employee surveys on comfort and workstation setup
• Reduction in reported musculoskeletal complaints or injuries
• Productivity metrics before and after ergonomic improvements
• Fewer requests for medical leave or accommodations

Regular feedback and health & safety audits can also inform adjustments to equipment or work processes.